阿赫迈底亚

阿赫迈底亚（阿拉伯语: أحمدية；乌尔都语：احمدیہ），是一个发源于英属印度的伊斯兰教运动，由米尔扎·古拉姆·艾哈迈德(1835–1908)于1887年在旁遮普创立。

米尔扎·古拉姆·艾哈迈德自认笃信伊斯兰教，却自称是尔萨转世，是真主任命的穆斯林的新先知，也就是审判日的判官——马赫迪。由于不承认穆罕默德是最后一位先知，因此被大多伊斯兰教的教士认定是异端。米尔扎·古拉姆·艾哈迈德死后，由于对教派领袖的产生方法存有分歧，该教派已分裂成为两派——阿赫迈底亚穆斯林会和拉合尔阿赫迈底亚运动，但绝大多数信徒属于前者。

目前许多主流伊斯兰社群拒绝承认阿赫迈底亚派为伊斯兰教教派^[1]，主流穆斯林对阿赫迈底亚信徒的迫害也经常发生。在巴基斯坦，这教派在佐勒菲卡尔·阿里·布托和穆罕默德·齐亚·哈克统治时代被政府宣布为非法，并被禁止自称穆斯林。

人口分布

阿赫迈底亚派信徒几乎分布于世界各国，其中主要集中在南亚、西非、东非和印尼；根据其他独立机构调查显示，全世界信仰该教派者约有1000万至2000万间，占全球穆斯林人口约1%。阿赫迈底亚人口在21世纪初期是成长最快的伊斯兰教派，目前拥有最多阿赫迈底亚信徒的国家为巴基斯坦，约有400万人口。

在巴基斯坦^[2]和印度尼西亚等国该教派经常被袭击。

参考文献

↑ 阿赫迈底亚邪教的真相. 伊斯兰之光.
↑ Anti Ahmadiyya Movement in Pakistan. Itrool.

延伸阅读

Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad. Invitation to Ahmadiyyat. Routledge & Kegan Ltd. 1980. ISBN 0-7100-0119-3.
Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad. Ahmadiyyat or the true Islam (PDF). Islam International Publications. 1924. ISBN 1-85372-982-5.
Mirza Tahir Ahmad. With Love to the Muslims of the World: The Ahmadiyya Perspective (PDF). Surrey: Islam International Publications. 2004. ISBN 1-85372-744-X.
Mirza Tahir Ahmad. An Elementary Study of Islam. Surrey: Islam International Publications. 1985. ISBN 1-85372-562-5.
Syed Hasanat Ahmad. An Introduction to the Hidden Treasures of Islam (PDF). Surrey: Islam International Publications. 2010. ISBN 978-1-84880-050-2.
Humphrey J Fisher. Ahmadiyya: a study in contemporary Islam on the West African coast. Nigeria: Oxford University Press. 1963.
Yohanan Friedmann. Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Medieval Background. Oxford University Press. 2003. ISBN 965-264-014-X.
Antonio R. Gualtieri. Conscience And Coercion. Canada: Guernica Editions. 1989. ISBN 0-920717-41-1.
Antonio Gualtieri. The Ahmadis: community, gender, and politics in a Muslim society. Canada: McGill-Queen's University Press. 2004. ISBN 0-7735-2738-9.
Shaikh Abdul Hadi. Basics of Religious Education (PDF) 5th. Canada: Islam International Publications. 2008. ISBN 978-1882494-03-3.
Farhan Iqbal; Imtiaz Ahmed Sra. With Love to Muhammad, The Khatam-un-Nabiyyin: The Ahmadiyya Muslim Understanding of Finality of Prophethood (PDF). Canada: Islam International Publications. 2014. ISBN 978-0-9937731-0-5.
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan. Ahmadiyyat: The Renaissance of Islam. Tabshir Publications. 1978. ISBN 0-85525-015-1.
Korbel, Jonathan; Preckel, Claudia. Ghulām Aḥmad al-Qādiyānī: The Messiah of the Christians—Peace upon Him—in India (India, 1908). Bentlage, Björn; Eggert, Marion; Krämer, Hans-Martin; Reichmuth, Stefan (编). Religious Dynamics under the Impact of Imperialism and Colonialism. Numen Book Series 154. Leiden: Brill Publishers. 2016: 426–442. ISBN 978-90-04-32511-1. doi:10.1163/9789004329003_034.
Simon Ross Valentine. Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaʻat: history, belief, practice. Columbia University Press. 2008. ISBN 978-0-231-70094-8.
Karimullah Zirvi. Welcome to Ahmadiyyat, the True Islam (PDF). Islam International Publications.

外部链接

阿赫迈底亚穆斯林会

拉合尔阿赫迈底亚运动

Official Website of the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam -- Ahmadiyya Anjuman Ishaat-e-Islam Lahore

其他相关链接

Persecution of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community
Article regarding death of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Dawat-e-Lillah Articles - Ahmadiyya articles at eSnips both in Urdu and in English languages and as well as in Arabic

反对者的意见

The Qadiani Sect by Yusuf Smith - A Muslim convert's Point of View - Alhafeez.org Anti Ahmadiyya Anti Shia Anti Barelvi, Anti Ismaieli website
Qadiyanism: A Brief Survey - The Institute of Islamic Information and Education, USA
Allama Iqbal on Ahmadism - ServantsofAllah.org
Sir Muhammad Iqbal and the Ahmadiyya Movement - Iqbal's sympathies and support for the Ahmadiyya Movement
The Problem Of Qadiyanism by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi - Ummah.com Anti Ahmadiyya Anti Shia Anti Barelvi, Anti Ismaieli website
Mirza Qadiani's Anti-Islamic Claims by Dr. Syed Rashid Ali - Islamicweb
Finality of Prophethood by Abul A'la Maududi - youngmuslims.com
Darul Ishaat - Learn the truth about Islam
AboutAhmadiyya.com - Information about Ahmadiyya movement

批评者的意见

[1] 阿赫迈底亚邪教的真相. 伊斯兰之光.

[2] Anti Ahmadiyya Movement in Pakistan. Itrool.

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