酪氨酸酶

酪氨酸酶（英语：Tyrosinase）是一种氧化酶，且是调控黑色素生成的限速酶。这种酶参与黑色素合成的两个反应：第一步将单酚羟基化为二酚，第二步将邻二酚氧化为邻二醌。邻二醌再经过几步反应后就变为黑色素^[1]。酪氨酸酶是一种含铜的酶，存在于植物与动物组织中，催化生成由酪氨酸氧化而来的黑色素以及其它色素，如使剥皮或切片的马铃薯暴露在空气中变黑^[2]。在皮肤黑素细胞的黑色素体中能发现酪氨酸酶。在人类基因组中，酪氨酸酶由 TYR 基因编码^[3]。

参考文献

↑ Kumar CM, Sathisha UV, Dharmesh S, Rao AG, Singh SA. Interaction of sesamol (3,4-methylenedioxyphenol) with tyrosinase and its effect on melanin synthesis. Biochimie. Mar 2011, 93 (3): 562–9. PMID 21144881. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2010.11.014.
↑ Stevens LH, Davelaar E, Kolb RM, Pennings EJ, Smit NP. Tyrosine and cysteine are substrates for blackspot synthesis in potato. Phytochemistry. 1998, 49 (3): 703–707. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00207-6.
↑ Barton DE, Kwon BS, Francke U. Human tyrosinase gene, mapped to chromosome 11 (q14----q21), defines second region of homology with mouse chromosome 7. Genomics. Jul 1988, 3 (1): 17–24. PMID 3146546. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(88)90153-X.

外部链接

[pmid21144881-1] Kumar CM, Sathisha UV, Dharmesh S, Rao AG, Singh SA. Interaction of sesamol (3,4-methylenedioxyphenol) with tyrosinase and its effect on melanin synthesis. Biochimie. Mar 2011, 93 (3): 562–9. PMID 21144881. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2010.11.014.

[2] Stevens LH, Davelaar E, Kolb RM, Pennings EJ, Smit NP. Tyrosine and cysteine are substrates for blackspot synthesis in potato. Phytochemistry. 1998, 49 (3): 703–707. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00207-6.

[pmid3146546-3] Barton DE, Kwon BS, Francke U. Human tyrosinase gene, mapped to chromosome 11 (q14----q21), defines second region of homology with mouse chromosome 7. Genomics. Jul 1988, 3 (1): 17–24. PMID 3146546. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(88)90153-X.

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